A Gas Motor Bike(motorized bicycle) is a bicycle with an attached motor and transmission used either to power the vehicle unassisted, or to assist with pedaling. Since it always retains both pedals and a discrete connected drive for rider-powered propulsion, the motorized bicycle is in technical terms a true bicycle, albeit a power-assisted one. However, for purposes of governmental licensing and registration requirements, the type may be legally defined as a motor vehicle, motorcycle, moped, or a separate class of hybrid vehicle. Powered by a variety of engine types and designs, the motorized bicycle formed the prototype for what would later become the motorcycle.
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Previously, LED yellow light inventor, PhilpsLumileds academician George. George Craford published a report titled "Semiconductor Lighting Development Trends and Prospects for the Next Decade", from his brief history of LED development, performance, packaging and performance development trends, industry development prospects for the next decade, etc. The parties shared their wonderful views with the participants.
George. Crawford pointed out that in the past ten years, the LED lighting industry has continued to develop rapidly. Through continuous optimization of existing technologies and continuous development of new technologies, LED lighting continues to improve in terms of light efficiency, comprehensive cost performance and light color performance. The constant emergence and development of new technologies will definitely have a positive impact on the development of the industry, but it is still impossible to determine which technology will become the most important technology trend and needs continuous observation. The intelligent control system will continue to integrate with LED lighting in the alternative lighting stage, and the entire industry will continue to develop in the direction of innovative applications.
In the future, LED lighting will continue to seek the driving force of industrial development from the perspective of technology integration, and the packaging process may play a more important role. The development of the LED lighting industry in the next decade will further open up new impetus for innovative applications based on technological breakthroughs. Solid-state lighting will provide a more comfortable and balanced light environment on a global scale.
Technology upgrades and cost reductions are still reviewing the development of LED lighting. With the continuous invention and rapid improvement of LED red, blue and green light, LED white light is finally born, and LED truly becomes a light source that can be illuminated. Moreover, the light efficiency of white light has rapidly increased, driving the rapid development of the entire industry.
According to the LED lighting industry development plan released by the US DOE in April 2013, from the performance of LED devices, the luminous efficacy of cold white LED devices in 2013 is 164lm/W, which is expected to reach 235lm/W in 2020, with a final target of 266lm. /W. From the perspective of comprehensive cost performance, LED cool white light device will be 4$/klm in 2013 and 0.7$/klm in 2020, with a target of 0.5$/klm. The performance of warm white LED devices is 129lm in 2013. /W, will reach 224lm/W in 2020, and finally reach 266lm/W; from the perspective of cost performance, it will be 5.1$/klm in 2013 and 0.7$/klm in 2020, with a target of 0.5$/klm. Doubled the increase, while the price dropped rapidly, the development of the LED lighting industry has reached a critical period of market breakthrough.
The package will improve the cost performance around the application requirements. Now LED lighting devices can obtain tens of times more light efficiency than the original one. The development of the whole industry has a better production process and substrate technology from the perspective of technological progress. The package form, as well as the great improvement in light quality. The future LED lighting industry will comprehensively pursue all these factors to further seek the driving force of industrial development. Among all these factors, the packaging link will play a very important role.
From the evolution of LED packaging technology, before 2000, the package chip size was basically less than 0.35mm2, and the input power was less than 0.1W. 2000-2008 LED chip size can be more than 1mm2, and the input power can reach 1~. 5W. Now packaging technology is moving toward more power and more luminous flux. Of course, such a system is more complicated, and it also faces the problem of further reducing costs. Taking a ceramic package as an example, although this package does not make the performance increase as fast, the cost is greatly reduced. At present, there are more and more forms of packaged products, and the product line is also very rich. The core principle of product development is to design specifications and product forms around the needs of the application.
Philipslumileds also introduced the LUXEONTX series of the latest products of the LUXEONT series. The color control is in the 3737 package in the 3~5 step MacAdam ellipse. Under 85°C, 700mA current and low voltage 2.8V, the heat dissipation performance is very good, reaching 3K/ W, this product can be used for 50W MR16, and can also be used for outdoor street lighting. At 350mA input current, the whole lighting efficiency reaches 120lm/W. The color rendering index of this series is 70, 80, 85 and 90. The color temperature covers a range from 2700K to 6500K, which ensures that it can be used in almost all lighting applications. From Q4 2011 to Q4 2012, LUXEONT series package performance has improved 23.23.2013 Q4, LUXEONTX products have improved performance. 15. The rapid improvement of LED package device product performance also contributed to the continuous decline in terminal lighting costs.
In the next decade: the integrated and innovative LED lighting industry will continue to improve its light efficiency, cost performance and lighting quality by further optimizing existing and emerging technologies. The overall quantum efficiency, light extraction efficiency, electrical conversion efficiency, socket efficiency, conversion efficiency, etc. all have an impact on the overall LED output. The development of intelligent systems will also be integrated into the transition from replacement markets to innovation markets.
At present, the red phosphor has a longer wavelength, about 90-100 nm. The excitation of the far-red phosphor reduces the lumen output, and the effect on the color rendering index is very limited. If the emission width of the red phosphor is lowered, the color rendering index of the warm white light can be increased by 20. Once the wavelength of the red phosphor is narrowed, the color rendering index and the lumen output become very sensitive to the emission wavelength of the red phosphor, which is apparent. The color index is not a good indicator, and perhaps a better color evaluation indicator will be found in the next decade.
In the continuous development of the LED lighting industry, is technical breakthrough really important? From the perspective of the overall industrial chain, there are many directions for technological breakthroughs. Can the light attenuation not drop further can greatly improve the price/performance ratio (lm/$)? We can continue to explore from new substrate structures, substrates, growth technologies, and more. New substrates such as silicon carbide, nitriding, and zinc oxide are under development. It is also necessary to study whether phosphors can be used in other structures. The structure of photons has been studied for ten years. Is there any better way to realize photonic structures? idea. The problem of heat dissipation is also worthy of attention and further breakthrough.
In the future, it can produce very bright white light EQUIPMENT, but it is still unable to produce more efficient green LEDs. If you want to combine red, green and blue chips to produce white light, you must have efficient green light. No good breakthrough has been found to improve the efficiency of green light. In theory, a better color rendering index and a more efficient light source can be obtained. In this respect, it is possible to use a laser or a narrow-cut light source to obtain a better beam, but there are some colors among these different rays. Limitations of the aspect. In terms of color, further research and development work is needed, and multi-color LED lights need to be developed.
The understanding of lighting needs needs to be further deepened. At present, LED lighting is still in the replacement period. From incandescent lamps to fluorescent lamps to LED light source lamps, the emergence of almost every new light source will lead to the innovation of lighting fixtures and application methods. More innovations are needed in the form and application of the luminaire. For example, if the current ceiling lighting is replaced by an LED light source, whether it is made into a grille lamp or a ceiling light, these need to be considered. Therefore, how to optimize the use of the LED light source requires an in-depth study in conjunction with lighting requirements.
In addition, from the perspective of health lighting, it is necessary to control the content of LED blue light, which needs to guide the development and use of products based on further research. Finally, during the replacement period, the connection and integration of LED lighting with traditional lighting equipment are issues to consider.
To what extent will the digital lighting revolution in the future industry development extend to color transformation, human behavioral sensing and social interaction? Ceiling illumination will illuminate a larger area of ​​the sky from a light trough or point source (consisting of color-variable, controllable LED particles). What kind of lighting will help human health and make people more creative? Can the marriage of solar and LED lighting be extended from off-grid lighting and street lighting to home lighting without energy supply? Can LEDs be embedded in a wider range of applications such as buildings, furniture, and body arts? Will a new design concept emerge? These are all issues that the LED lighting industry needs to continue to study in the next decade.
12 On this page, the rest of the content is displayed. In summary, since 1962, LED technology has followed the law of light efficiency and cost performance by 20 times and the cost reduction by 10 times. Today, the LED lighting industry has shifted from light efficiency to device push. With the widespread use of general lighting, cost reduction is still an important driving force for industrial development. Technological breakthroughs and the continued development of lighting systems will make LED lighting a different lighting world in the next decade. 
Technology integration brings LED lighting industry application innovation