Hydrocarbyl oxyacid (and its salt) collectors - sulfates

    Such agents include hydrocarbyl sulfates and sulfated fatty acids (soaps) and the like.  

O

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R — O — S — — O — ... H + ( Na + , K + ), which is a stronger acid

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O

(1) Sodium hydrocarbyl sulfate ( R - OSO 3 Na ). It is obtained by sulfation and neutralization of a fatty alcohol to produce a sulfate which is structurally different from the sulfonate. The sulfur atom in the sulfonate R — SO 3 Na is directly linked to the carbon atom in the hydrocarbon group and cannot be hydrolyzed to an alcohol; the sulfur atom in the sulfate R — O — SO 3 Na is easily combined by oxygen and carbon atoms. Hydrolysis produces alcohol and sodium bisulfate.

R — O — SO 3 Na + H 2 O → ROH Ten NaHSO 4

      Therefore, the aqueous solution of the sulfate is left for a long time, and hydrolysis will lower the collecting ability.
A sodium alkyl sulfate salt having a carbon atom of C 12 to C 20 is a typical surfactant. Its main representative is sodium cetyl sulfate (C 16 H 33 OSO 3 Na) . It is white crystal, soluble in water, foaming, and can be used as a collector for wolframite , cassiterite , barite , potash salt, etc. It has a weaker ability to capture calcium-containing minerals (such as scheelite , calcite, etc.) than oleic acid, and has good selectivity and can be used in hard water.
Sodium cetyl sulfate, can be used for multi-metal sulfide ore flotation. It has brass ore effect selective collector, collecting capability of pyrite weak, good collecting capacity of coarse and fine micro-minerals are. Which is better than amyl xanthate flotation, a dosage of 20 30 g /t .
(2) Sulfated fatty acid (soap). Unsaturated fatty acid (generally oleic acid, linoleic acid) can be saponified by concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain a sulfated fatty acid soap. Its structural formula is:

CH 3 (CH 2 ) 7 CH 2 — CH(CH 2 ) 7 COONa

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OSO 3 Na

Having a polar group two (carboxy - 3 OSO - - COO -, sulfate), both fatty acids and strong collecting capability, there are hydrocarbon sulfates acid, resistance to hard water, and good selectivity advantage. For example, soybean oil fatty acid sulfated soap used for flotation of hematite in China in the 1950s belongs to this category.

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