Analysis of current level and development trend of instrumentation industry at home and abroad

The instrumentation industry is a new type of industry developed in China. At the same time when it is in line with international standards, China's instrumentation industry has made great progress in its development and has the strength to compete with the international community.

Current level of domestic technology and development trend The overall technical level of the instrumentation industry has reached the international level in the mid-1980s. Microelectronics and computer technology are commonly used in instrumentation products. About 15% of products have been intelligentized and reached international level in the 1990s. 30% of the products have been digitized, reaching the international level in the late 1980s. The comprehensive service capability was significantly improved: It can undertake complete control projects of 300,000-600,000 kilowatts of thermal power plants, nuclear power plants, 300,000 tons of synthetic ammonia, 120 tons of converters, 300,000 cubic meters of city gas station projects, and large-scale furnaces and kilns.

The major products meet the needs: the domestic market satisfaction rate for middle-to-high-end scientific test instruments is 30%, and the satisfaction rate for middle-to-low-grade scientific instruments is 65%; the product satisfaction rate for measurement and control instrumentation and system products for production processes in large-scale engineering projects reaches 50%. 70% of small and medium-sized projects. Imported products are often the major and key equipment required for scientific research and production, with large technological content and high added value.

From scratch, from small to large, the industry has initially formed a relatively complete range of instrumentation, scientific research, and marketing systems. A number of R&D institutions have been established (including 20 professional instrumentation institutes for mechanical systems, 3 state-level engineering research centers, 5 enterprise technology centers, and 9 national product quality inspection centers); Management, management, technical personnel. In particular, some middle- and low-end products have formed their own advantages and characteristics. Various digital multimeters, power meters, water meters, gas meters, level meters, middle and low-end optical microscopes, and telescopes have produced the world's most advanced products. While basically satisfying domestic needs, they have exported a lot of goods. .

Through scientific and technological research, joint development, joint ventures, and the introduction of imported technologies to digest and absorb various forms of domestic production, China's instrumentation industry, some of the high-end leading products narrowed the gap between the international advanced level, and the formation of production capacity. The main products independently developed include small and medium-sized DCS, fieldbus smart meters, bus-type test systems, automobile-specific testing equipment, ultrasonic diagnostic instruments, microwave plasma spectroscopy, and new diffusion silicon sensitive components. The main products introduced in the localization of technology are recorded. Instruments, precision small control valves, new transmitters, spectroscopy, chromatography, scanning electron microscopes, water quality analyzers, special composite materials, etc.; major products of joint ventures and cooperation are large DCS, EJA, flow meters, electronic theodolites, dynamic balance testing machines, High and low temperature test equipment.

A group of state-owned, collective, private, and foreign-funded enterprises and research institutes have emerged from the industry through market competition, and have shown good momentum of development and stamina. They have formed a dominant and core force.

The current level and development trend of foreign science and technology are digitized and intelligent. Due to the advancement of microelectronics technology, instrumentation products are further integrated with microprocessors and PCs, and the digitization and intelligence of instrumentation have been continuously improved. Taking the concept of "DSPS" proposed by Texas Instruments as an example, the DSP chip is used as the core, and the entire application system is provided with advanced mixed-signal circuits, ASIC circuits, components, and development tools.

A large number of new devices for ultra-large-scale integration (VLSI), surface mount technology (SMT), multilayer circuit board printing, wafer-scale integration (WSI), and multi-chip module (MCM) are used in instrumentation. Computer aids such as CAM, CAPP, and CAT have made multimedia, human-computer interaction, fuzzy control, artificial neural network and other new technologies widely used in modern instrumentation.

Networking Currently, the development of field buses and smart meters in the world presents a situation in which multiple buses and their instruments coexist. Buss such as HART, FF, Profibus, Lonworks, WorldFIP, CAN, etc. have been applied to a certain field and have been extended to other fields.

A variety of intelligent instruments have been introduced to the market one after another, and instrumentation is undergoing profound intellectual changes. The integrated test system is also becoming networked. Each instrument is connected via the GPIB bus and VXI bus.

Miniaturized MEMS is one of the key areas of development in developed countries in the late 1980s and is considered as a new technology widely used in the 21st century. The sensor and signal processing technology that is listed as one of the 22 major technologies of the United States “has a major impact on national security and prosperity” is mainly based on miniaturization technology. Micro-devices using MEMS technology are called on-chip instrumentation. MEMS products include automotive accelerometers, pressure, chemical, flow transmitters, and micro-spectrometers. They are widely used in environmental science, aerospace, biomedical, and automotive industries. Military, industrial control and other fields.

MEMS products have been industrialized in developed countries, with an annual growth rate as high as 10%-20%. It is expected that MEMS products will form a potential market of over US$8 billion in 2001. The technology has been widely used in such products as Texas Instruments, Rosemount, Karlsruhe Research Center, and Motorola.