New technology of fine flotation of copper, lead and zinc tin ore

1. The basic principles of this technology

Using the coarse-grained effect of the same type of ore in the flotation system and the carrier action, the coarse-grain grading is appropriately carried out in the fine-grain (400 mesh) slurry under the condition of the conventional coarse-grain (200 mesh) flotation equipment , and the flotation machine is changed. The physicochemical hydrodynamic conditions in China are used for mining production for the first time at home and abroad. For zinc lead sulfide ore as coarse ore support was added to the technical solution to the sludge system, as compared with sludge flotation alone to improve the recovery rate 6% lead, 12% zinc recovery; ore for cassiterite , coacervation - carrier flotation technology, compared with the conventional flotation, to improve metal recovery more than 6% tin; for vulcanization - mixed copper oxide ore using coarse-grained sulfide ore concentrate effect rough, coarse-grained sulfide ore Recycling fine-grained oxidized ore and combining sulphide ore concentrate with oxidized ore concentrate to solve the problem of metal loss in thickener overflow; adding a coarse-grained monomeric copper mineral concentrate as carrier to form "copper ore" Priority-carrier flotation process". -19um fine iron ore for titanium, selective flotation technique hydrophobic agglomeration and flotation of the coarse particulate carrier technology to improve the flotation of fine ilmenite. The new technology was applied in Guangdong Fankou Lead-Zinc Mine, Guangxi Gaofeng Mining Company, Hubei Daye Nonferrous Metals Company, Jiangxi Dexing Copper Mine and Panzhihua Iron and Steel Company Titanium Industry Company.

2. Process characteristics

(1) It is determined that the carrier flotation process factors are divided into physical factors, chemical factors and geometric factors. Physical factors include: stirring speed, stirring time and ratio of thickness; chemical factors include: pH value of slurry, type and amount of collector , slurry temperature, mineral dissolved component, type and amount of dispersant, etc.; geometric factors include: mixing container The relationship between the structure and the shape of the impeller.

(2) addresses the problem of recovery of sulfide flotation of lead-zinc mud, Guangdong Fankou Due VCR mining method, such factories clay mineral increases, which is characterized by a mineral galena, sphalerite, and yellow The iron ore and other sulfide ore are mainly, the particle size is small, the surface pollution is serious, the oxidation rate is high, and the mineral processing index of the slime system is poor. According to the theory of interaction between particles and the model of coarse particle effect, a lot of researches have been carried out on different slime of Fankou Mine. Finally, a new technology for flotation of ore and ore is formed, including: 1) coarse grain using raw ore Effect, the new slime system merges with the middle mine lost by the main system, and the 180-300t/d raw ore is taken out from the main system. Without increasing the grinding and grading equipment , the production capacity of the slime system is expanded and the whole plant is improved. Comprehensive recovery rate. 2) The mixed flotation process is used to improve the lead and zinc recovery rate and obtain a qualified mixed concentrate.

Industrial application shows that the process index is obviously improved before the optimization and transformation. The annual production of lead and zinc metal is more than 5,000 tons, the silver is about 3000 kilograms, and the annual economic benefit is 28 million yuan, of which 1.75 million KW.h is saved, saving the cost of mineral processing chemicals. The amount of 77,000 yuan / a, correspondingly reduced the pollution of the environment.

(3) Solved the problem of flotation recovery of fine-grained oxidized ore, and solved the problem of difficult recovery of fine-grained cassiterite in Guangxi Dachang Peak Mine. Through a series of experimental research and theoretical analysis, the process was partially adjusted to form fine-grained tin. Stone agglomeration - a new technology for flotation of coarse-grained mineral carriers, including: not removing -10um granular grade slime, adding special sludge for dispersing slime and inhibiting easy-flowing gangue to achieve full-grain flotation. This technology has made breakthroughs in the fine cassiterite recovery technology, and also provides reference for the flotation recovery of other fine granulated oxidized ore. With the new fine mud cassiterite recovery technology, prolific annual average over 580 tons of metal tin, antimony, zinc multi-metal recycling lead up to 1,000 tons, and annual economic benefits of more than 22 million yuan.

(4) Solved the problem of flotation recovery of fine-grain vulcanized-oxidized mixed copper ore. Due to the large amount of weathered slime in the ore, the flotation process is seriously deteriorated, resulting in low flotation recovery rate, poor concentrate quality and drug consumption. increase. This technology is to solve the recovery of open-pit mining oxidized ore in Hubei Daye Nonferrous Metals Co., Ltd., and improve the metal recovery rate. The new technologies include: 1) Mixed flotation of coarse ore concentrate and oxidized ore sweeping system of sulfide ore flotation system The coarse grain effect of the sulphide ore concentrate is used to increase the recovery rate of the copper oxide ore by 7.5%, and the copper concentrate grade is increased by 5.75 percentage points, and the medicament is saved by 20%. 2) The concentrate of the sulfide ore and oxidized ore system enters the same concentrate system for concentration and filtration, which solves the problem that the single oxidized ore concentrate forms a gel-like stable layer in the thickener, and the concentrate is difficult to settle, so that the metal overflows. The loss rate is reduced by 10%.

Industrial application shows that the process index is obviously improved before the optimization and transformation, and the annual production of copper metal is more than 1,500 tons, and the annual economic benefit is more than 30 million yuan.

(5) The flotation recovery of fine-grained copper sulfide ore was carried out in 2003. The thickness of copper minerals in the ore of Dexing Copper Mine was unevenly embedded, and copper was obtained by limited recovery of a section of coarse-grained copper minerals. Mineral carrier, in the process of fine particle flotation recovery, adding carrier to improve the flotation effect of fine-grained grade, forming "copper ore priority-carrier flotation technology", the research results show that the carrier flotation process can make priority float The grade of copper ore selected is over 27%, the grade of integrated copper concentrate reaches 26%, and it creates favorable conditions for the recovery of associated elements such as gold, silver and molybdenum . Compared with the original process, the comprehensive recovery rates of copper, gold, silver and molybdenum can be increased by 0.91%, 2.46%, 5.12% and 3.13%, respectively, and the copper concentrate grade can be increased by 2.37%. Good raw materials.

6) In 2003, the flotation recovery of fine-grained ilmenite was carried out at the same time. The raw material processed by Panzhihua Titanium Concentrator was iron-selected tailings. The current strong magnetic separation-flotation process for -19um-grain ilmenite recovery The effect is poor, and the recovery rate of fine-grained ilmenite is low. The technology adopts selective hydrophobic flotation flotation technology and coarse particle flotation technology to reduce the agglomeration between gangue fine mud and fine-grained ilmenite by controlling dispersion. On the basis of this, on the one hand, the selective hydrophobic flotation flotation technology is used to make the fine-grained ilmenite interact to form a hydrophobic agglomerate; on the other hand, by adding the coarse-grained ilmenite, the coarse particle carrier effect is further improved. The flotation effect of fine-grained ilmenite.

The recovery rate of flotation operation was 70.09%, the content of concentrate Ti02 was 47.94%, and the recovery rate of -19um particle size flotation operation was 62.38%. Compared with -19um grade ilmenite single-stage flotation, the recovery rate increased by 9.82%. It indicates that the presence of coarse particles is beneficial to the recovery of -19um ilmenite.

3. Technical characteristics

In theory, the "coarse grain effect" model of the interaction between coarse particles and fine particles is proposed. The coarse particles act as carrier-mediated-coagulation, and the parameters are characterized by vortex microscale, particle Reynolds number and cracking frequency. The optimal grading relationship that produces the coarse grain effect is determined. For the five types of complex fine-grained ores of sulfide ore, oxidized ore, sulfurized-oxidized mixed ore, fine-grained copper sulfide ore and fine-grained ilmenite, the use of raw ore, coagulation flotation coarse ore and sulfide ore fine concentrate As a carrier, the ore particles solve the problem of flotation separation of fine-grained minerals by conventional flotation equipment, which is a breakthrough of fine-grain flotation technology.

4. Application conditions

It is suitable for flotation of fine-grain minerals such as lead-zinc ore, copper ore, tungsten ore, tin ore and ilmenite.

5. Technical property rights

Completion unit: Central South University, Shenzhen Zhongjinlingnan Nonferrous Metals Co., Ltd. Fankou Lead-Zinc Mine. The technology won the second prize of the 2004 National Science and Technology Progress Award.

6. Application effect

(1) According to the theory of interparticle interaction and the model of coarse grain effect, this technology has formed a new technology of fine flotation flotation with mixed mineral mud and ore sand ore for different slime in Guangdong Fankou lead-zinc mine. Since the beginning of the year, the annual production of lead and zinc metal has reached 5,000 tons, silver more than 2000 kilograms, average energy saving 1.75 million KW.h, saving mineral ore processing costs of 797,000 yuan, and annual economic benefits of more than 28 million yuan.

(2) According to the difficult recycling problem of floating tin in Guangxi peak mine, the use of non-removing -10um fine-grained fine mud, the use of hydrophobic agglomeration and carrier flotation new technology and new agents, enhanced the recycling of cassiterite, the use of new fine mud After the cassiterite recycling technology, only the peak mining company can increase the economic benefit by more than 22 million yuan.

(3) Aiming at the fine-grain vulcanization-oxidation mixed copper ore of Hubei Daye Nonferrous Metals Co., Ltd., the flotation technology of crude ore refinement of the sulfide ore concentrate is selected, and the coarse grain effect of the sulfide ore concentrate is used to increase the copper oxide. The recovery rate of the mine and the grade of the copper concentrate. Industrial application shows that the process index is obviously improved before the optimization and transformation, and the annual production of copper metal is more than 1,500 tons, and the annual economic benefit is more than 30 million yuan.

(4) According to the characteristics of the fine-grained copper sulfide ore in Jiangxi Yuxing Copper Mine, the copper mineral carrier was obtained by preferential recovery of a coarse-grained copper mineral, and the process of fine-grain flotation recovery was carried out. The carrier is added to improve the flotation effect of fine-grained grade, and the "copper ore preferential-carrier flotation technology" is formed. Compared with the original process, the comprehensive recovery rates of copper, gold, silver and molybdenum can be increased by 0.91% and 2.46 respectively. %, 5.12%, 3.13%, copper concentrate grade increased by 2.37%, it is estimated that the annual output of copper, gold and silver is 1,210 tons, 134.434 kg, and 1782.624 kg.

(5) The popularization and application experiments of Panzhihua fine-grained ilmenite were carried out. The flotation was carried out by selective hydrophobic flotation flotation technology and coarse-grained carrier flotation technology. The recovery rate of flotation operation was 70.09%, and the content of concentrate TiO2 was 47.94%, the recovery rate increased by 9.82%. The results of this study have important significance for the recycling of Panzhihua fine-grained ilmenite in China.

7. Promote application

According to the research results of the new fine flotation flotation technology developed in the mining enterprise, the technology can realize the flotation of fine-grained minerals by using conventional flotation equipment, and has simple process, less dosage, and sorting. The characteristics of high index and high stability have produced significant economic benefits and are a new breakthrough in the beneficiation process. The new technology has been applied and stabilized in three mines such as Guangdong Fankou Lead-Zinc Mine, Guangxi Peak Mining Company and Hubei Daye Non-ferrous Metals Co., Ltd. In 2003, it successfully carried out in Jiangxi Dexing Copper Mine and Sichuan Panzhihua Vanadium- Titanium Magnetite. The promotion experiment. Therefore, it has other lead sulfide ore, copper ore, tin ore, tungsten ore, etc.

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